IMPORTANT: No additional bug fixes or documentation updates
will be released for this version. For the latest information, see the
current release documentation.
Microsoft Windows Defender Tamperingedit
Identifies when one or more features on Microsoft Defender are disabled. Adversaries may disable or tamper with Microsoft Defender features to evade detection and conceal malicious behavior.
Rule type: eql
Rule indices:
- winlogbeat-*
- logs-endpoint.events.*
- logs-windows.*
Severity: medium
Risk score: 47
Runs every: 5 minutes
Searches indices from: now-9m (Date Math format, see also Additional look-back time)
Maximum alerts per execution: 100
References:
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/10/18/icedid-to-xinglocker-ransomware-in-24-hours/
- https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/32236-enable-disable-microsoft-defender-pua-protection-windows-10-a.html
- https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/104025-turn-off-core-isolation-memory-integrity-windows-10-a.html
- https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/105533-enable-disable-windows-defender-exploit-protection-settings.html
- https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/123792-turn-off-tamper-protection-microsoft-defender-antivirus.html
- https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/51514-turn-off-microsoft-defender-periodic-scanning-windows-10-a.html
- https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/3569-turn-off-real-time-protection-microsoft-defender-antivirus.html
- https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/99576-how-schedule-scan-microsoft-defender-antivirus-windows-10-a.html
Tags:
- Elastic
- Host
- Windows
- Threat Detection
- Defense Evasion
Version: 4 (version history)
Added (Elastic Stack release): 8.0.0
Last modified (Elastic Stack release): 8.3.0
Rule authors: Austin Songer
Rule license: Elastic License v2
Potential false positivesedit
Legitimate Windows Defender configuration changes
Investigation guideedit
## Triage and analysis ### Investigating Microsoft Windows Defender Tampering Microsoft Windows Defender is an antivirus product built into Microsoft Windows, which makes it popular across multiple environments. Disabling it is a common step in threat actor playbooks. This rule monitors the registry for modifications that disable Windows Defender features. #### Possible investigation steps - Investigate the process execution chain (parent process tree) for unknown processes. Examine their executable files for prevalence, whether they are located in expected locations, and if they are signed with valid digital signatures. - Validate the activity is not related to planned patches, updates, network administrator activity, or legitimate software installations. - Identify the user account that performed the action and whether it should perform this kind of action. - Contact the account owner and confirm whether they are aware of this activity. - Investigate other alerts associated with the user/host during the past 48 hours. - Examine which features have been disabled, and check if this operation is done under change management and approved according to the organization's policy. ### False positive analysis - This mechanism can be used legitimately. Analysts can dismiss the alert if the administrator is aware of the activity, the configuration is justified (for example, it is being used to deploy other security solutions or troubleshooting), and no other suspicious activity has been observed. ### Related rules - Windows Defender Disabled via Registry Modification - 2ffa1f1e-b6db-47fa-994b-1512743847eb - Disabling Windows Defender Security Settings via PowerShell - c8cccb06-faf2-4cd5-886e-2c9636cfcb87 ### Response and remediation - Initiate the incident response process based on the outcome of the triage. - Isolate the involved hosts to prevent further post-compromise behavior. - Investigate credential exposure on systems compromised or used by the attacker to ensure all compromised accounts are identified. Reset passwords for these accounts and other potentially compromised credentials, such as email, business systems, and web services. - Take actions to restore the appropriate Windows Defender antivirus configurations. - Run a full antimalware scan. This may reveal additional artifacts left in the system, persistence mechanisms, and malware components. - Review the privileges assigned to the user to ensure that the least privilege principle is being followed. - Determine the initial vector abused by the attacker and take action to prevent reinfection through the same vector. - Using the incident response data, update logging and audit policies to improve the mean time to detect (MTTD) and the mean time to respond (MTTR). ## Config If enabling an EQL rule on a non-elastic-agent index (such as beats) for versions <8.2, events will not define `event.ingested` and default fallback for EQL rules was not added until 8.2, so you will need to add a custom pipeline to populate `event.ingested` to @timestamp for this rule to work.
Rule queryedit
registry where event.type in ("creation", "change") and
(registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows
Defender\\PUAProtection" and registry.data.strings : ("0",
"0x00000000")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender Security
Center\\App and Browser protection\\DisallowExploitProtectionOverride"
and registry.data.strings : ("0", "0x00000000")) or (registry.path
: "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows
Defender\\DisableAntiSpyware" and registry.data.strings : ("1",
"0x00000001")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows
Defender\\Features\\TamperProtection" and registry.data.strings :
("0", "0x00000000")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time
Protection\\DisableRealtimeMonitoring" and registry.data.strings :
("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time
Protection\\DisableIntrusionPreventionSystem" and
registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time
Protection\\DisableScriptScanning" and registry.data.strings : ("1",
"0x00000001")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Windows
Defender Exploit Guard\\Controlled Folder
Access\\EnableControlledFolderAccess" and registry.data.strings :
("0", "0x00000000")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time
Protection\\DisableIOAVProtection" and registry.data.strings : ("1",
"0x00000001")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows
Defender\\Reporting\\DisableEnhancedNotifications" and
registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows
Defender\\SpyNet\\DisableBlockAtFirstSeen" and registry.data.strings
: ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows
Defender\\SpyNet\\SpynetReporting" and registry.data.strings : ("0",
"0x00000000")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows
Defender\\SpyNet\\SubmitSamplesConsent" and registry.data.strings :
("0", "0x00000000")) or (registry.path :
"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time
Protection\\DisableBehaviorMonitoring" and registry.data.strings :
("1", "0x00000001"))
Threat mappingedit
Framework: MITRE ATT&CKTM
-
Tactic:
- Name: Defense Evasion
- ID: TA0005
- Reference URL: https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0005/
-
Technique:
- Name: Impair Defenses
- ID: T1562
- Reference URL: https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/
Rule version historyedit
- Version 4 (8.3.0 release)
-
- Formatting only
- Version 3 (8.2.0 release)
-
-
Updated query, changed from:
registry where event.type in ("creation", "change") and (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\PUAProtection" and registry.data.strings : ("0", "0x00000000")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender Security Center\\App and Browser protection\\DisallowExploitProtectionOverride" and registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\DisableAntiSpyware" and registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Features\\TamperProtection" and registry.data.strings : ("0", "0x00000000")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time Protection\\DisableRealtimeMonitoring" and registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time Protection\\DisableIntrusionPreventionSystem" and registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time Protection\\DisableScriptScanning" and registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Windows Defender Exploit Guard\\Controlled Folder Access\\EnableControlledFolderAccess" and registry.data.strings : ("0", "0x00000000")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time Protection\\DisableIOAVProtection" and registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Reporting\\DisableEnhancedNotifications" and registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\SpyNet\\DisableBlockAtFirstSeen" and registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\SpyNet\\SpynetReporting" and registry.data.strings : ("0", "0x00000000")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\SpyNet\\SubmitSamplesConsent" and registry.data.strings : ("0", "0x00000000")) or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time Protection\\DisableBehaviorMonitoring" and registry.data.strings : ("1", "0x00000001"))
-
- Version 2 (8.1.0 release)
-
-
Updated query, changed from:
registry where event.type in ("creation", "change") and (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\PUAProtection" and registry.data.strings : "0") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender Security Center\\App and Browser protection\\DisallowExploitProtectionOverride" and registry.data.strings : "1") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\DisableAntiSpyware" and registry.data.strings : "1") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Features\\TamperProtection" and registry.data.strings : "0") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time Protection\\DisableRealtimeMonitoring" and registry.data.strings : "1") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time Protection\\DisableIntrusionPreventionSystem" and registry.data.strings : "1") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time Protection\\DisableScriptScanning" and registry.data.strings : "1") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Windows Defender Exploit Guard\\Controlled Folder Access\\EnableControlledFolderAccess" and registry.data.strings : "0") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time Protection\\DisableIOAVProtection" and registry.data.strings : "1") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Reporting\\DisableEnhancedNotifications" and registry.data.strings : "1") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\SpyNet\\DisableBlockAtFirstSeen" and registry.data.strings : "1") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\SpyNet\\SpynetReporting" and registry.data.strings : "0") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\SpyNet\\SubmitSamplesConsent" and registry.data.strings : "0") or (registry.path : "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Defender\\Real-Time Protection\\DisableBehaviorMonitoring" and registry.data.strings : "1")
-